Table 1 Age and age-adjusted characteristics of study subjects (means ± SEM or %).
| Â | Men | Women | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | n | Â | n | Â |
Age (years) | 3065 | 59.6 ± 0.18 | 3147 | 60.6 ± 0.18 |
Serum insulin (pmol L-1) | 3065 | 74.49 ± 1.64 | 3147 | 61.61 ± 1.26 |
Serum proinsulin (pmol L-1) | 3053 | 4.18 ± 0.07 | 3141 | 3.22 ± 0.06 |
Plasma glucose (mmol L-1) | 2993 | 4.80 ± 0.015 | 3083 | 4.74 ± 0.013 |
HbA1c (%) | 2830 | 5.40 ± 0.009 | 2932 | 5.44 ± 0.010 |
BMI (kg m-2) | 3061 | 25.96 ± 0.06 | 3141 | 25.82 ± 0.08 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 3050 | 94.8 ± 0.17 | 3123 | 84.6 ± 0.19 |
Hip circumference (cm) | 3050 | 103.1 ± 0.11 | 3123 | 103.1 ± 0.16 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 3062 | 141.04 ± 0.35 | 3130 | 138.52 ± 0.40 |
Heart rate (beats min-1) | 3062 | 75.30 ± 0.24 | 3130 | 80.12 ± 0.24 |
Serum total cholesterol (mmol L-1) | 3063 | 6.50 ± 0.022 | 3143 | 6.87 ± 0.024 |
Serum HDL-cholesterol (mmol L-1) | 3058 | 1.39 ± 0.007 | 3141 | 1.66 ± 0.008 |
Serum triglycerides (mmol L-1) | 3062 | 1.62 ± 0.018 | 3143 | 1.43 ± 0.014 |
Serum uric acid (μmol L-1) | 3051 | 359.9 ± 1.63 | 3138 | 277.5 ± 1.30 |
Serum creatinine (μmol L-1) | 3060 | 87.9 ± 0.39 | 3143 | 70.2 ± 0.23 |
Serum γ-glutamyl transferase (U L-1) | 3063 | 32.7 ± 0.78 | 3144 | 24.3 ± 0.54 |
White blood cells (109 L-1) | 2962 | 7.07 ± 0.04 | 3048 | 6.82 ± 0.03 |
Platelet count (109 L-1) | 2960 | 239.2 ± 1.1 | 3049 | 256.5 ± 1.1 |
Plasma fibrinogen (g L-1) | 3044 | 3.34 ± 0.02 | 3117 | 3.43 ± 0.01 |
Time since last meal (h) | 3060 | 2.42 ± 0.04 | 3130 | 2.15 ± 0.03 |
Questionnaire: | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Myocardial infarction (%) | 3059 | 9.0 | 3138 | 3.0 |
Angina pectoris (%) | 3057 | 10.7 | 3142 | 6.8 |
Anti-hypertensive medication (%) | 3065 | 13.2 | 3147 | 11.9 |
First degree relative with diabetes (%) | 2436 | 21.7 | 2329 | 26.9 |
Current smoking (%) | 3065 | 34.0 | 3147 | 31.5 |
Coffee consumption (cups day-1) | 3064 | 6.06 ± 0.07 | 3145 | 4.90 ± 0.05 |
Teetotaller (%) | 3063 | 13.2 | 3142 | 25.6 |
Alcohol intake (glasses month-1) | 3057 | 3.18 ± 0.09 | 3132 | 1.62 ± 0.06 |
Light physical activity (h week-1 ) | 3046 | 3.1 | 3142 | 3.0 |
Strenuous physical activity (h week-1) | 3036 | 1.8 | 3110 | 1.5 |